In the Journal of Tsinghua University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), No.5, 2021, Shen Zhihua suggests that the US government provided military and economic assistance to its allies by formulating a "Lend-Lease" policy during World War Ⅱ. After Germany attacked the Soviet Union, the British and American governments put aside their previous grievances against the Soviet Union and began to provide assistance to the latter. In October 1941, the US government signed its first Lend-Lease agreement with the Soviets but did not officially include the Soviet Union into the Lend-Lease policy frame until June 1942. Unlike Britain and other recipients of US assistance, however, the Soviet Union enjoyed a prioritized position of unconditional assistance. Restrained by production and transportation capabilities, the United States was unable to deliver the promised amount of aid materials to the Soviet Union before 1943. The situation improved significantly afterwards, and the massive Lend-Lease assistance contributed crucially to the Soviet counteroffensive against Germany that culminated in the Red Army’s entering Berlin. Yet, the US Lend-Lease Act stipulated that Lend-Lease assistance was a policy only for the war years. In the final stage of the war, issues of postwar reconstruction became entangled with Lend-Lease assistance. The third and fourth US-USSR Lend-Lease negotiations stalled because of the increasingly distant stances of the two sides. After Germany surrendered, the delivery of Lend-Lease materials was even suspended briefly. Ultimately, having served as a weapon for victory in battling Fascism, Lend-Lease failed to transform into an instrument for peace for the two former allies in the postwar years.