In the 10th issue of Fujian Forum (HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION) in 2021, Zhu Fuqiang wrote that the positive rationality of the Western society is deeply imbued in western culture and even the whole academy, thus resulting in two obvious characteristics. On one hand, there is a significant tension of thinking and logical fracture in modern mainstream economics; On the other hand, there are obvious theoretical differences and policy opposition between different branches of social science, between different schools of economic disciplines and even within the same theory, which makes the social trend of thought continuously cycle and transform between the two extremes. The natural order recognized and respected by neoclassical liberalism is only a priori belief rooted in a specific ideology. In view of this, the analysis of positive rationality and natural order is helpful to critically examine the market concept of neoclassical liberalism, and the introduction of negative rationality will contribute to a deeper insight into the market economy in the real world.