As Yang Yuanhao remarked in the 7th issue of Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences, 2022, developed modern countries take citizenship as important political resources and construct national identity based around political identity and cultural identity. However, the lack of national capacity, unique history and culture, and different paths of modernization make it difficult to apply the "citizenship" paradigm in late-industrializing countries to construct national identity."Politics of people's livelihood" is a paradigm developed in the process of China's modernization. Its internal logic in terms of equality, history and development offers obvious attributes of national identity."People's livelihood politics" builds national identity from the perspective of historical identity, cultural identity, institutional identity and performance identity, based on the identity of interests, with the aim of national modernization and all-round development of people. The paradigm of "people's livelihood politics", as localized exploration based on the reality of China, will contribute to the political civilization of the world.