The 16th Ministerial Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
(APEC) forum begins here Wednesday with the focus on issues of trade
liberalization, anti-corruption and sustainable development.
The two-day meeting, attended by foreign ministers and trade ministers from
21 APEC members, will lay the groundwork for the 12th APEC leaders' informal
meeting slated for Nov. 20-21.
The following is a brief introduction to APEC's 15 previous ministerial
meetings:
As a major part of APEC's decision-making mechanism, the ministerial meeting
has been commissioned with preparations for the APEC leaders' informal meeting,
officially known as the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, or AELM. It is also
tasked with the implementation of the resolutions adopted by the AELM and
overseeing discussions of important economic issues in the region.
The first APEC ministerial meeting was held on the initiative of
then-Australian prime minister Robert Hawke, in Canberra, Australia, in November
1989. The session set the course for APEC as an open regional economic
cooperation forum devoted to global trade liberalization, the promotion of
trade, investment and technical cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region. The
meeting marked the official launch of APEC. Since then, the ministerial meeting
has become an annual event.
The second ministerial meeting was held in Singapore in July 1990. After
deliberations on issues like world and regional economic developments, APEC work
projects and future participation,the meeting adopted a number of important
documents, including the"Declaration on the Uruguay Round."
The third meeting held in South Korean capital Seoul in November 1991 marked
the first enlargement of the 12-body group. China, Hong Kong and Chinese Taipei
were accepted as new members. The "Seoul Declaration" finalized APEC's
objectives of developing and strengthening the open multilateral trading system,
reducing barriers to trade in goods and services and investment.
The fourth ministerial meeting was held in Bangkok, Thailand, in September
1992. The meeting decided to set up a permanent APEC secretariat in Singapore.
The fifth meeting was held in Seattle, the United States, in November 1993.
The meeting adopted the "Declaration on an APEC Trade and Investment Framework."
Mexico and Papua New Guinea wereadmitted into the group.
The sixth ministerial meeting was held in Jakarta, Indonesia, in November
1994. The ministers adopted the "Declaration on the Human Resources Development
Framework," which confirms the principles and elements of human resources
development in APEC.
The seventh APEC ministerial meeting was held in Osaka, Japan, in November
1995. Ministers formulated plans of action for the implementation of the Bogor
Goals and approved "Partners for Progress." They also agreed to establish the
APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC).
The eighth APEC ministerial meeting was held in Manila, the Philippines, in
November 1996. The ministers approved a draft of "Manila Action Plan for APEC"
and the "Declaration on an APEC Framework on Strengthening Economic Cooperation
and Development."
The ninth ministerial meeting was held in Vancouver, Canada, inNovember 1997.
The meeting reaffirmed the importance of economic and technical cooperation,
trade and investment liberalization, and adopted an annex on "Early Voluntary
Sectional Liberalization"and "APEC Ministerial Statement on Membership."
The 10th meeting was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in November 1998. A
joint statement of the meeting set reviving economic growth in the region as one
of APEC's major tasks. The ministers also endorsed the documents of the "APEC
Blueprint for Action on Electronic Commerce," "The 1998 APEC Agenda for
Scienceand Technology Industry Cooperation into the 21st Century" and "The Kuala
Lumpur Action Program on Skills Development."
The 11th ministerial meeting was held in Auckland, New Zealand,in September
1999. The main themes of the meeting were expanding business opportunities,
strengthening markets and broadening support for APEC. The ministers endorsed
the documents of "APEC Principles to Enhance Competition and Regulatory Reform,"
"Non-binding Principles on Government Procurement" and "APEC Mutual Recognition
Arrangement on Electrical and Electronic Equipment."
The 12th APEC ministerial meeting was held in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, in
November 2000. The central theme of the meeting was trade and investment
liberalization and facilitation, the strengthening of the multilateral trading
system, human resources development. There were also three broader themes --
building stronger foundations, creating new opportunities and making the APEC
matter more to its member economies.
The 13th ministerial meeting was held in Shanghai, China in October 2001.
Under the theme of "Meeting New Challenges in the New Century: Achieving Common
Prosperity through Participation andCooperation", ministers from 21 APEC members
discussed the issuesof trade liberalization, economic and technical cooperation,
financial cooperation and human resource exploitation. The meetingalso passed a
joint statement which included APEC's stand on the global economy, resumption of
a new round of WTO negotiations, APEC strategy on development of information
industry and sustainable development.
The 14th meeting was held in Los Cabos, Mexico in October 2002.The theme for
APEC 2002 was "Expanding the Benefits of Economic Cooperation for Growth and
Development. Implementing the Vision." Held in the context of continuing
recovery from the previous year's economic slow down, including the impact of
September 11, the meeting focused its discussion on counter-terrorism and
economic growth. The ministers said in their joint statement that all kindsof
terrorism had posted a direct threat to economic stability and regional peace
and security of the Asian-Pacific region.
The 15th meeting was held in Thai capital of Bangkok in October2003. During
the two-day meeting, ministers conducted intensive consultations on diversified
issues including economic and technical cooperation, trade and investment
liberalization and anti-terrorism cooperation.